北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）

From “Self” to “Individual”: Lu Xun's Traditional Model of Thinking in the Acceptance of German Individualism

WANG Wei-dong

2012, 28(3): 1-9.

Abstract(470) PDF(27)

Abstract:
The early thought of Lu Xun's “individual” was presented in the five theses created in 1907 and 1908 in classical Chinese, together with the concepts of the state of mind, spirit, willpower, aspiration, quiet mind, etc.His idea of individual mainly came from the western thinkers, such as Stirner, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Ibsen etc.on the one hand;the terms used in his expression mainly came from traditional Chinese semiotic resources, such as Book of Changes, Confucius and Mencius, Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, Buddhism, the Lu-Wang Xin Xue, etc.on the other hand.The study shows that Lu Xun's traditional model of thinking makes him to love and accept the German ultra-individualism in the end of 19th century, and the comparative study of the “cultural individual” in Chinese and German tradition of thinking shows that young Lu Xun accepted the German “individual” through the Chinese “self”.This also tells that his counter traditional “individual” is actually confined with his own tradition.

On Lu Xun's Hard Translation from Translation Ethics

HU Li-li

2012, 28(3): 10-15.

Abstract(390) PDF(20)

Abstract:
Andrew Chesterman's Translation Ethics Theory provides new angle for translation practice, which discusses the translator's translating strategy is decided by his ethics.Hard translation of Lu Xun is interpreted by many scholars from many other perspectives.This article tries to analyse Lu Xun's hard translation from the perspective of equivalence-based ethics, function-based ethics, ethics of dialogue and norm-based ethics.

“Paraphrase” as a Strategy in Translating Lun Yu(The Analects) into English: A Functional Linguistics Perspective

HUANG Guo-wen

2012, 28(3): 16-21.

Abstract(377) PDF(14)

Abstract:
There are over 60 translated versions of Lun Yu (known as The Analects in the English world) and the method of translation is related to the interpretation of this ancient text.This paper attempts to analyze some translated texts (from Chinese into English) from a functional-syntactic perspective within the Systemic Functional Linguistics framework with the aim of identifying the relationship between form and meaning.One of the findings of the present study is that Chinese translators prefer “paraphrase” as a strategy or method of translating Lun Yu, which is one way of the free translation approach rather than the literal translation approach.

Theoretical Approaches in Contemporary Studies on the Translation of Lun Yu: With a Review of the First Forum on the Translation of Lun Yu

CENG Ji

2012, 28(3): 22-27.

Abstract(300) PDF(13)

Abstract:
As the representative of the studies on the translation of Chinese classics, studies on the Translation of Lun Yu (The Analects) possess rich academic values and cultural strategic significances.As a result of the revolutionary changes in social context and academic context, translation studies on Lun Yu has moved much beyond the naïve theme of “how to translate well” and developed into a problematique of cross-lingual interpretation of classics inviting and fusing multiple academic approaches.The continuous reconstruction of this “open text” in translation reveals its hermeneutic depth by nature.Paradigm shifts like the linguistic turn and the cultural turn in translation studies has generated many new approaches to the studies on Lun Yu translation:the linguistic approaches that are synchronic, descriptive and at discursive level;the cultural study approaches that are diachronic in nature, highlighting the culturally constructing force of translation and the problems of discourse, power and politics behind.Based on the fruitful speeches delivered by multiple scholars on The First Conference on the Translation of Lun Yu, this paper systematically reviews the roots, themes and methods in contemporary studies on Lun Yu translation.

A Functional Discourse Analysis of Zi Jian Nan Zi/Zi Lu Bu Yue (Confucius saw Nanzi/Zilu was not pleased)

CHEN Yang

2012, 28(3): 28-33,43.

Abstract(275) PDF(11)

Abstract:
In recent years, the functional discourse analysis with Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) as its theoretical framework in the studies of the translated texts of Lún Yǔ (The Analects of Confucius) has been proposed and illustrated.Following this approach, the paper attempts to evaluate a number of Chinese and English translation versions of Zi Jian Nan Zi/Zi Lu Bu Yue (Confucius saw Nanzi/Zilu was not pleased), and the focus is on logical-semantic relations and Transitivity analysis.The paper argues that the functional discourse analysis approach can help evaluate the translation product in a systemic and systematic way.

Register Analysis and the Study on the Translation of The Analects

GAO Sheng-wen

2012, 28(3): 34-43.

Abstract(417) PDF(14)

Abstract:
Register is the functional variety of language.The register analysis is a significant part of SFL.The paper makes a detailed study of the Hallidayan approach to register, making clear the bi-directional relationships between the context of situation, register and text, distinguishing the main functions of register with a statement that register is both predictive and cohesive.Finally, from the aspects of register equivalence and cohesion, with two special chapters as analytical examples, a comparative analysis is carried out between five well-known English versions of The Analects of Confucius by five distinguished translators in different times and from different areas.The study clearly specifies the significance of the register analysis in both the study of translation of The Analects and the translating of The Analects itself, thereby uncovers a new idea and a new method for both the study of translation of The Analects and its translation.

An Interpersonal-function Approach to Projection Clause Nexus in Analects and its English Versions

HU Hong-hui, CENG Lei

2012, 28(3): 44-49.

Abstract(235) PDF(12)

Abstract:
The paper, based on the theory of interpersonal function in Systemic Functional Grammar, explores the projection clause nexus in Analects and its English versions.By applying the theory of interpersonal function in the analysis of projection clause nexus, we find that the different realization of Mood, mood elements and personal system in different English versions can present different interpersonal meaning.The research concludes that analyzing interpersonal meaning of the projection nexus plays important roles in the translation research of projection clause nexus.

Three Topics on Marxist Dialectics——On Distinction between Natural Dialectics and Philosophy of Scientific Technology

HAO Li-zhong

2012, 28(3): 50-54.

Abstract(329) PDF(13)

Abstract:
Marxist dialectics that Marxist classic writer founded, stuck to and developed, is coincident with Marxist spirit.It has three gradations including dialectics, dDialectics of nature and materialistic dialectics, which can provide the important guidance of world outlook and methodology for constructing the socialistic harmonious society.At present, domestic academic circles emphasize one-sidedly the natural science instead of the social science, emphasize one-sidedly the applied research instead of the fundamental research, emphasize accord instead of contradiction, conflict, dialectics, and even emphasize philosophy of scientific technology instead of natural dialectics, and so on.These phenomena, that are disadvantageous for constructing the harmonious society, going against Marxist dialectics in nature, should be corrected.

Argument on the Finite or Infinite of the Universe——The Debate between the Science and Philosophy in 1980s

LI Tong-yu

2012, 28(3): 55-62.

Abstract(232) PDF(11)

Abstract:
This paper makes a good study of one of the four debates in the dialectic field in 1980s——the debate on the finite or infinite of the universe.The study inspects the cause of the debate, makes an analysis of the differences and arguments on the two parties in detail, and finally gives a summary and the author's reflection, showing that the debate has a close relation with the emancipation of mind in 1980s, and promoting the emancipation effectively.

Is Subject Structure of Investment Rational or Not?——Based on Data Analysis of the Higher Education Investment during 2001-2009

JIN Hong

2012, 28(3): 63-70.

Abstract(302) PDF(17)

Abstract:
Because of the expansion of higher education, Chinese regular higher education investment structure changes.The government and social investment proportion has decreased distinctly, and personal investment has grown rapidly.According to the benefit principles and ability principes of higher education investment, combined with the education practice in Western countries, as the biggest beneficiary, Government's payment ability is the strongest, and its investment proportion is not less than one half;society as the most direct beneficiary, its potential payment is tremendous, and its investment proportion should be around 1/3;personal earnings fall, their paying ability is limited, the investment proportion shall not exceed 1/5.

On “the People-oriented View” in Biographia Literaria——Beginning from the “Discussion between History and Literature” 50 years ago

HAN Han

2012, 28(3): 71-74.

Abstract(192) PDF(11)

Abstract:
The key problem of biographia literaria is whether its motif is historical or literary.With a comparative study of the “Discussion between History and Literature” in 50 years ago and the author's own view, the paper considers that the people——oriented view is not just the principle of biographia literaria creation but also the base of its criticism.Thereby the strategy of the opposite between “politics and aesthetics” is adopted in the evaluation of biographia literaria.And the idea of the people orientation plays the leading role in the whole system of biographia literaria.

Existenzphilosophie in the Poetic Existence——Either/Or and Its Poetic Mode of Kierkegaard's Existenzphilosophie

WANG Kun, LIN Ye-ning

2012, 28(3): 75-82.

Abstract(368) PDF(10)

Abstract:
From the ideological spectrum, Kierkegaard's Existenzphilosophie inherited from the German Romanticism, opens the modern thought of German.In the ways of expression, Kierkegaard followed Socrates's thought “midwifery”, advocating the indirect communication.His doctrine is neither the philosophy of the thinking form, nor a religious arguments, but a poetic construction.Based on Kierkegaard's most poetic writing Either/Or, the essay analyzes its poetic cause, the basic concept of existenzphilosophie and the unity relation between “thinking” and “poetry”.

The Changes from “Perfect Match” to “Brothel Evil”——The Early Qing Dynasty Novel, Jin Yun Chuan

HU Jing

2012, 28(3): 83-87.

Abstract(180) PDF(10)

Abstract:
Chinese brothel classical novels, from the Tang Dynasty laid the foundation of the romantic model of the “perfect match”, and in the late Qing Dynasty, such novels turned to describe the evil reality of the brothels.The novel Jin Yun Chuan in the early Qing Dynasty play an important role in the course of the transformation.

Struggle for Right: Spiritual Education for Civil Law

WANG Lei

2012, 28(3): 88-92,133.

Abstract(423) PDF(10)

Abstract:
The struggle for right equals to the struggle for law.The feelings of law can promote man to struggle for right.These are subjects of psychology of right, which can also be spiritual education for first learner of law or civil law.The creative ideas from The Struggle for Right can provide new perspectives of basic legal theories.They can also promote us to rethink and improve some received opinions, for example, the generation and development of law, the force and actual effect of law, the relationship between law and right, the concept of law, the feelings of law, etc.

On the Equality in Aristotle's Friendship

JIE Fang

2012, 28(3): 93-96.

Abstract(373) PDF(14)

Abstract:
In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle views equality as the essence of friendship.The equality in friendship not only means that the statuses of both are reciprocal, but also that their intercourse is fair.Meanwhile, it requires both not only mutual love and care, but also identically paying out and benefiting.In terms of the background, the equality in Aristotle's friendship can be seen as a reflection of the democracy of Grecian polis and the principle of equality in commercial trade in human communication;in terms of historical influence, it is the junction of the Grecian friendship and the Christian fraternity, the source and origin of the Pan-kinshipization in the social culture of modern west, and the moral base of people's equally communication in modern society.

Reading Notes of Classics——Taking Subject of Education in The Book of Rites for Exemples

WANG Xue-feng

2012, 28(3): 97-100.

Abstract(279) PDF(15)

Abstract:
In this age of globalization, the university education need to step up to its responsibilities for training of the feelings of humanities and national identity of students, and it is an effective means to carry out the classic reading in the process of teaching.The students’intimacy of the Chinese traditional culture has been enhanced through the reading of classics.This study shows that the reading of classics can be promoted in two ways:offering the independent public elective course of “Classic Reading”on the one hand;and adding the contents concerned in the major courses on the other hand.

Heterogeneity Interpretation of “Social Studies of Science” for Science

SUN Hong-xia, SONG Lin

2012, 28(3): 101-107.

Abstract(278) PDF(9)

Abstract:
“Social studies of science” is an important branch of contemporary Science Studies.It makes a heterogeneity interpretation for science from the perspectives of society and culture.This paper portrays that “social studies of science” criticizes and deconstructs traditional scientific epistemological rules and program, like objectivity, rationality and empirical by tracing back to the origin of heterogeneity interpretation, and concludes that, their interpretation are radical and biased, but provide a new approach for exploring the essence of science and enriching the image of science.

The Limited Intervention and Reasonable Extension of the Supervisory Authority of Government by Organizational Boundary

SHI Li-rong, LIU Yu

2012, 28(3): 108-112.

Abstract(246) PDF(9)

Abstract:
TBounded rationality points that organizations are limited.So the organizational power is limited regardless of the top-down or bottom-up exercise.This kind of limitation is the boundary of power.Therefore, in order to produce extended effect, the power need to be delivered at all levels of government organizations.The characteristic of the limited authority of government determines the limit of the exercise of powers and the oversight of powers.The limit of the exercise of powers requires a reasonable separation of powers between the central and local government, and the limit of the oversight of powers requires the central government to increase the monitoring to the local.Under the “pressure-type system” of our government, if we can't straighten out the supervisory relationship, the “limited interventional obstacles” of supervisory authority will make the up and down channels of supervision clogged, information failure, distortion effect and the policy mistakes.As a result, this paper proposes that the supervisory authority of government can be reasonable extended through confirming the government organizational boundaries correctly, distributing the government organizations' attention, establishing the symbiotic relationship of cooperation and overcoming the barriers with co-determination.Thus, we can solve the inconsistent problem from the targets to the results of social benefiting policies, and maintain the stability of social basic-level.

Gender Differences of Occupational Stress and an Intervention Model from Social Work Perspective

WU Fan, LIN Chuan

2012, 28(3): 113-121.

Abstract(455) PDF(21)

Abstract:
In the context of the rapid development of China's market economy, social transformation and reconstruction of gender norms, gender differences in occupational stress, as well as the intervention mechanism from a gender perspective to alleviate female occupational stress are becoming increasingly important issues.Based on the result of a questionnaire survey of 912 civil servants and corporate employees, this paper tries to explore the main pressure of both men and women faced during their career development by establishing an occupational stress index, analysing the female occupational stress from sources of stress, stress reactions, stress response with male as a reference and studying characterization and differences of occupational stress between men and women under the impact of traditional gender culture.Finally, this paper builds a social work intervention model of “five procedures” on the basis of gender differences in order to relieve female occupational stress and realize the aim of effective stress management.

A Study on the Delemma of the Local Self-government in the Early Stage of National Government

MA Fei

2012, 28(3): 122-128.

Abstract(301) PDF(9)

Abstract:
Instituting the local self-government was an important political move in the early stage of the National Government.This paper depicts the stories of the three stages of the whole process of the National Government:the early practice of the local autonomy, the period of fading and changing, and the failure stage.Whereafter, the paper makes a good exploration of the causes of the failure of the local self-government.

New Thinking of Chinese Urbanization

ZHANG Lin-jiang

2012, 28(3): 129-133.

Abstract(224) PDF(9)

Abstract:
The past three decades of reform and opening up have not only caused exceptional economic growth,but also have initiated profound social changes.With the development of the continual urbanization,many contradictions and problems have accumulated,such as the protection of people's livelihood,their welfare promotion,the optimization of the social structure,the social management,and so on.In order to solve the issues,this paper requests us to reconsider the urbanization strategies of our country,to transform the strategy of city management,and to enhance the management with the scientific methods.

The Performance Criteria and Application in Government Performance Audit

CHEN Quan-min, WU De-kun, GAO Ru-ying

2012, 28(3): 134-139.

Abstract(351) PDF(9)

Abstract:
Audit criteria is the key element in the government performance audit.Apart from absorbing western criteria of effectiveness and efficiency, this article modifies the Western criteria of justness, and adds the criteria of equity, transparency and responses.Therefore a complete performance criterion system is presented, which is the base of evaluation.So if the evaluation guidelines fitting the department or the program are used, we can evaluate their performance level.

On Constructing and Implementing the Three-stage Network Mechanism of School-based Training for College Teachers' Skills

DU Yan-hong, SHI Ming-de, SONG Wen-xian

2012, 28(3): 140-144.

Abstract(400) PDF(9)

Abstract:
For the developing need of high education, it is needed to construct and implement the three-stage network mechanism of school-based training for college teachers'skills, aiming to build a platform for lifelong professional growth of teachers and to promote the quality of high education and the rapid development of the university by defining training goal, taking various training forms and ways comprehensively and arousing the motivation of college, departments and teachers to achieve the desired training effect.

Crisis of Trust: Analysis of Reason about Undergraduates Existential Anxiety

CHU Jiang-ting

2012, 28(3): 145-149.

Abstract(347) PDF(10)

Abstract:
Many undergraduates have anxiety, are lack of safty, havefew sense of happy and self abruption with the present society turnning into risk society.The reason is that undergraduates have ‘crisis of trust’ in social intercourse.To get over the ‘crisis of trust’, it is needes not only to enhance the construction of social laws, social institution and culture, but also to strengthen the administrative system of university, guiding the mind of students, leading them to know risk society well, opening themselves and perfecting their personality.

On Construction of Systematic Thinking in the University Art Education——A Perspective of Appreciation of Film Music

DENG Shuang-lin

2012, 28(3): 150-154.

Abstract(225) PDF(9)

Abstract:
Art education is helpful to cultivate the students' systematic thinking.In the course of Appreciation of Film Music, it is practicable and effective to foster the mode of systematic thinking through the intensive reading of the film music texts and employing its knowledge of backdrop.Students can see issues in the texts of films, and find propositions of aesthetics, sociology and ethnics in the combination of image narration and music.The paper shows that the course of Appreciation of Film Music is feasible and effective in expanding the students' horizons of knowledge and in the development of their systematic thinking.

Research on University Students' Evaluation of Teaching Based on Data Analysis——Take a Polytechnic College in Beijing as an Example

WANG Hai-li, LIU Jing

2012, 28(3): 155-161.

Abstract(359) PDF(10)

Abstract:
With the data analysis on the students' evaluation of teaching correlative factors, statistical results show that course types, teachers' professional titles, teacher's gender have no significant effect on students' teaching assessment results;the students' grade has a weaker correlation on students' teaching assessment results, course scores have no relation with the results of Course teaching evaluation, and there is a certain relevance between the supervisors' teaching evaluation and the student evaluation of teachers.The statistical results show that the students' teaching assessment results are reliable and effective.

Occidentology and Liang Qichao's Early Historiographical Ideas

WU Jun

2012, 28(3): 162-166.

Abstract(368) PDF(17)

Abstract:
In the period of Wuxu Movement (1898), Liang Qichao had had a primary understanding of occidental historiography.In his early historiographical ideas are reflected the historical evolutionary ideas, world history viewpoint and ‘civilian history’ ideas contained in modern occidental academic culture, and some new historiographical ideas in occidental history books.

The Communist International and the Central Soviet Area's Struggle against the Fifth “Encirclement and Suppression”

HUANG Zhi-gao

2012, 28(3): 167-173.

Abstract(291) PDF(9)

Abstract:
The Comintern Far East Bureau and the Political Committee of the Political secretary were involved in the leadership of the Central Soviet Area's struggle against the fifth “encirclement and suppression”.The Far East Bureau designed an operational plan of “two fists” for entering Fujian.Taking the opportunity, Chiang Kai-shek stepped in and captured Lichuan City.The Far East Bureau advocated striking Nanchang to the west after attacking the enemy.The Revolutionary Military Commission and Li-de opposed the suggestion.After Fujian Incident, the Far East Bureau suggested to march westward again.The Central Revolutionary Military Commission and the Political Committee opposed the plan.The Far East Bureau and the Political Committee were not to propose a program aiding Fujian.They planned to reap third party profit, but at last lost the opportunity to break the fifth “encirclement and suppression”.With the tension of the war, and the intensification of the contradictions between Stern, the military representatives of the Far East Bureau, and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, the Political Committee began to lead the anti-“encirclement and suppression” campaign directly.The Far East Bureau and the Political Committee agreed the withdrawal plan of the Revolutionary Military Commission, but they didn't determine immediately.

The Conceptual Difference of the Dialogues between China and the UK on the Eve of the Opium War

LI Guan-jie

2012, 28(3): 174-178.

Abstract(302) PDF(8)

Abstract:
On the eve of the Opium War, the negotiations addressing the common problems between China and the UK were not unblocked.They had different institutions, cultures and concepts, and their dialogues were monologic.Chinese Tribute System reflected the concepts of superiority and inferiority in the foreign relations, while Britain within Vienna System had the principle of equality.China was a dynastic country, while Britain was a democratic state.China was ruled by man while Britain ruled by law.China preferred to collectivism, and Britain liked individualism and liberalism better.They could not be clearly known each other.In this context, the dialogues were failed.Then the final solution must be the use of military power.

2012 Vol. 28, No. 3