Rural Poverty is a bitter reality we must face. In order to alleviate rural poverty, Chinese government has implemented a series of policies of assisting the poor.The paper reviews the history of assisting-the-poor policy, approaches the setting of implementing the assisting-the-poor policy, and points out the drawback of the existing assisting-the-poor policy. What the paper wants to reveal is that Chinese government must make more investment in rural areas and change the drawback of the existing assisting-the-poor policy if she wants to really alleviate the rural poverty.