Multimodal Ecological Concept Construction of Only One World
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摘要: 语言学界对生态问题的关注由来已久，在多媒体发达的当今社会，多模态文本应受到更多重视。研究将生态语言学视角下的系统功能语言学和多模态话语分析结合，以联合国环境署的环保宣传片《只有一个地球》为研究对象，探讨了多模态文本中的生态理念是如何构建表达的。研究发现，无论在文字或视觉模态中，都是有益性生态内容占比高，宣传片以正向积极的宣传策略激励观众加入保护地球的行动中来。语言模态中，人类生命体主要作为施事出现，主动承担起了保护环境的重责；视觉模态中，描绘生物与自然和谐相处的场景和人类悔过以往伤害自然的景象共同表现出人类要爱护自然的决心。语言和视觉模态通过重叠、选例和增强三种方式相互作用，二者共同决定背景音乐的节奏强度。总体而言，语言、视觉和音乐三种模态互相促进，从而成功传递了宣传片呼吁人们保护地球的初衷。Abstract: The field of linguistics has been paying attention to ecological problems for a long time, but in today’s multimedia society, multimodal text should be attached more importance. Based on the combination of systemic functional linguistics from the perspective of ecolinguistics and multimodal discourse analysis, and taking the environmental propaganda film “Only One Earth” of the United Nations Environment Program as the research object, this paper explores how ecological ideas are expressed in multimodal texts. It is found that beneficial ecological content occupies a high proportion in both verbal and visual modes. The video uses positive propaganda strategies to encourage the audience to join in the action to protect the earth. In the verbal mode, human beings appear mainly as agents and take the initiative to protect the environment. In the visual mode, the scenes depicting the harmonious coexistence between creatures and nature and the ones of human repenting for the past harm to nature show the determination of human beings to care for the nature. Verbal and visual modes interact with each other through overlapping, exemplification and enhancement, which jointly determine the rhythmic intensity of background music. The three modes promote each other, thus successfully convey the purpose of calling on people to protect the earth.
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表 1 《只有一个地球》参与者角色词频统计表
参与者角色
生态意义 有益 破坏 中性 施事 人类生命群体参与者 13 7 受事 人类生命群体参与者 1 人类生命个体参与者 1 非人类生命群体参与者 3 1 非生命体物理性参与者 8 6 非生命体社会性参与者 3 2 生命体参与者、非生命体参与者 2 存在物 人类生命群体参与者 1 1 非人类生命群体参与者 1 非生命体物理性参与者 7 6 非生命体社会性参与者 1 生命体参与者、非生命体参与者 1 交流方 非生命体社会性参与者 1 
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表 2 参与者的标注数量和标注时长统计表
参与者 标注数量/次 总标注时长/s 标注时长占比/% 说话人 19 42.33 38.146 非生命体和非人类生命体 52 43.63 39.318 人类生命体 18 17.02 15.338
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