Research on the “Slow Employment” Phenomenon among Students in Science and Engineering Universities from the Perspective of New Engineering

From the perspective of the new engineering, “slow employment” has become a noteworthy new phenomenon among students in science and engineering universities. Based on human capital and social support theories, this study establishes a four-dimensional analysis framework covering “individual-school-family-society”. With reference to questionnaire survey data, it systematically analyzes the behavioral characteristics, influencing factors, and governance pathways of “slow employment” among students in science and engineering universities. The research finds that affected by the misalignment between educational supply and industrial demand, differentiated family support conditions, and macro-level institutional environment adjustments, students’ choices for “slow employment” are primarily driven by rational planning for their long-term personal development. Given that the phenomenon of “slow employment” results from combined multiple driving factors, this study proposes systematic governance pathway recommendations from four dimensions: empowering individuals, innovating cultivation approaches, fostering consensus, and optimizing the ecosystem, aiming to provide valid references for high-quality cultivation of new engineering talents and improvement of employment guidance services.