2005 Vol. 21, No. 2

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Einstein's Thought Heritage and the Modern Time
LIU Hong-liang
2005, 21(2): 1-5.
Abstract(347) PDF(19)
Abstract:
Einstein is the greatest scientist, thinker and man of the 20th century.His personal charcter, his thoughts of science and of philosophy present “an universal, non-personal and super-individual life”. They influenced the progress of sciences, social development and human being’s self-perfection at his age, and still has a strong spiritual force today. It is out of question that they will continue to be of great importance in the 21 st century.
Study on the Biological Security Problems Arisen from the Development of Biotechnology
CAO Hong-li
2005, 21(2): 6-8,13.
Abstract(271) PDF(21)
Abstract:
The fast development of modern biotechnology leads to the rise of various transgenetic creatures and their products.While enjoying the benifit,people begin to think about the potential harms brought to the creature diverty, ecological environment and human health by these products.This paper mainly discusses the biological security problems and provides some suggestions on protecting creatures.
Research and Development of Innovation Technology for Non-technical Problems
ZHANG De-zheng, A Zi-gu-li, TAO Shu-ren
2005, 21(2): 9-13.
Abstract(336) PDF(23)
Abstract:
Non-technical problems cover a large range of subjects and research fields beyond engineering.It is very difficult to express and solve an non-technical innovation problems without a complete theory system,the innovation is difficult to realize.The paper summarizes the present situation and development tendency of innovation theiry and techiques and explores on the study of non-technical innovation. The framework for the non-technical innovation problems is proposed based on the extending of the theory and technique of TRIZ.
On the Reform of Competitive Public Utilities' Entrusting Relation
HUANG Xiao-yuan, WANG Qing-dong
2005, 21(2): 14-16.
Abstract(295) PDF(17)
Abstract:
Based on an examination of the regulation policy, basic theories of entrusting relation and the reform practice of western countries’ competitive public utilities, this paper put forward a suggestion that entrusting relation will be an important way for our country’s competitive public reform.
The Middle-level Studies of Administration: Seeking an Intermediary between Theory and Reality.
MA Bao-bin, LI Guang-hui
2005, 21(2): 17-21,113.
Abstract(380) PDF(20)
Abstract:
Research on Chinese administration faces double problems of insufficient innovation in basic theories and deficient empirical studies. At the same time, it lacks the intermediary between theory and reality. All of there put forward an urgent task: to constuct a middle-level theory of administration. The middle-level theory is the tie between the experience research and the comprehensive theory. On one hand, it can be proved directly by experience, but not a simple generalization of experience. It can offer a powerful theoryetical support supporting for experience studies. On the other hand, it is not only on abstract theory but also provides a realistic foundation for the abstract theory. Therefore, it can strengthen the explanation of the comprehensive theory. So long as we base on the reform reality of China, choose the limited realistic problems in the field, fully draw from the existing research approach of other disciplines, constantly enrich and perfect the middle-level theory of the administration, can the explanation force of the theory to reality be strengthened to serve the realistic need of public administration reform.
The Idea of Civil Society and the Social Process of China In a Period of Transformation
PEI Song-xian
2005, 21(2): 22-26.
Abstract(333) PDF(22)
Abstract:
The idea of civil society was born and developed in western society.It was revived at the end of the 20th century in later period of last cen and almost formed a wave of global political thought. Recently, the idea of civil society has caused great attention from the political field in China; some scholars raise Socialism Civil Society as a mode to analyze the social process of China in a period of transformation. The aims of this paper are to make clear how the idea of civil society changes and why it is popular now, and discuss the intrinsic relations between civil society and market economy, democracy politics and gradual reforms to provide some helpful reference to the social development of China in a period of transformation.
Paradox under the Central Authority: How to Achieve “Real Stability”
WANG Wei-yi
2005, 21(2): 27-30.
Abstract(297) PDF(19)
Abstract:
Stability can be divided into real stability and false stability. The central authorities have always been considered as the reliable outer cover safeguarding stability. But nowadays with the paradox producing,people have to explore a new way of stability.
Toward a Professional Direction of the Social Construction
GUO Wei-he
2005, 21(2): 31-34.
Abstract(294) PDF(19)
Abstract:
There have been heat debates between the indigenous social work and the professional social work in the process of rebuilding a specialized social work system in China since 1980s. The professionalization of the Chinese social work began to fast after entering the 21th century, which is displayed through the fast expansion of social work education system, the emergence of the license and registering institution for professional social work, and the expansion of the social work practice field. At present, the focus of circle of social work has changed from how to develop it to how to regulate it. From an angle of social constructionism, this article warns that the focuss of social work should fall on the expansion of professional practice field instead of on the professional normalization at the primary stage.
A Study on the Possibility and Strategy of Social Work Intervening in the Recovery Process of Patients with Mental Illness in Community
TONG Min
2005, 21(2): 35-39.
Abstract(338) PDF(35)
Abstract:
The community-based mental health services in Mainland China mainly focuses on the medical treatment and management of patients with mental illness as well as on the mental health education. This cannot meet the high demand from families with mental patients and has a great distance from the advanced principles and concept of successful community mental health services in foreign countries. As one important force of the community mental health service, social work has a great potential for development. It should combine psychotherapy with social support and make full use of the resources of patients with mental illness and thier family members.
The Necessary Tension between Value-neutral and Value-involvement in the Studies of Criminal Justice System
ZHOU Xiang-bin
2005, 21(2): 40-43.
Abstract(208) PDF(18)
Abstract:
In the practice of criminal justice system, value-involvement is an important factor that promotes the return of criminals to the society.Meanwhile,how to guarantee the criminals’ legitimate rights and interests needs to work from the standpoint of value-neutral. This paper explores the theoretical problem of how to choose the direction of value between the social fair standpoint and reforming criminals.
The Methodological of Meaning of Burden of Proof Judgement in Civil Law System: A Concurrent Analysis of Its Misuse by Chinese Scholars
XIAO Jian-hua, WANG De-xin
2005, 21(2): 44-51.
Abstract(255) PDF(19)
Abstract:
The main stream of the burden of proof theory holds that the party will lose the case if he/she fails to present enough evidence; this should be altered. This theroy of burden of proof arises to help the judges finish their judging duty,therefore, it is improper to over-exagerate the meanings of burden of proof to passing judgements.
On the Critical Legal Studies of International Law
LI Yi
2005, 21(2): 52-54.
Abstract(568) PDF(40)
Abstract:
Critical Legal Studies is a “New Stream” in international law research.Through analyzing the Indeterminacy and incoherence of the liberal ethical basis of international law,the theorists of Critical Legal Studies maintain that there is not a general norm in intemational law,and the conception of traditional public international law seems unable to construct an adequate vision of international social life,so it is necessary to analyze the international law norms individually.
Reform and Development from Adult Custody to Tending System in Germany
WANG Zhu-qing
2005, 21(2): 55-59.
Abstract(518) PDF(51)
Abstract:
The adult custody is a very important part of custody system. Since 1950s great changes in custody objects took place in order to adapt to the globally elderly society that is coming. The reform and development from adult custody to tending system in Germany is a reflection of the era’s demand.Because the rules of the adult custody system in China is quite simple, and China is stepping into an elderly society, this paper intends to provide a reference for the future custody legislation in China through the introduction of the reform and development of the custody system in Germany.
Restorative Justice and Its Implication to Our Country's Criminal Justice Practice
LIU Dong-gen
2005, 21(2): 60-65.
Abstract(332) PDF(23)
Abstract:
There are many differeces between restorative justice and the traditional criminal justice.With restoration as its main feature,restorative justice is an informal criminal-dealing method which realizes restoration through restorative procedures. It provides us with a peaceful way to deal with criminal conflicts on the basis of conflict parties’ sufficient participation.Restorative justice has been well developed in many western countries and it is also meaningful to our country’s criminal jstice practice.
The Crosstabs Test for Captial Structure's Industry Characteristics
ZHAO Li-ming, HUANG Wei-hua
2005, 21(2): 66-69.
Abstract(324) PDF(17)
Abstract:
This paper uses crosstabs to test whether the capital structure of the listed companies in our country has industry characteristics. The results show that the capital structure of ten industry categories has a significant industry characteristic, while that of eight other industry categories which include manufacturing hasn’t a significant industry characteristic.
Study on IPO Underpricing and New Stocks Non-systemic Risk: A Test for the Hypothesis of Market Feedback
BAI Yan-zhuang, DU Jun-tao
2005, 21(2): 70-74.
Abstract(255) PDF(17)
Abstract:
With the universal IPO underpricing in the world, and accompanying with the improved market maturity, the initial return tends to be reducing. This paper makes an empirical investigation on the tendency of IPO initial return movement in China and the effects of authorization system implementation. The indicational function of the initial return on the non-systemic risk is also analyzed in this paper. As the result shows that there is no distinct tendency in IPO initial return movement in China, the hypothesis of market feedback gets supported.
Decision-making of Oversea Investment's Equity Structure
CHEN Jin-zhong
2005, 21(2): 75-77.
Abstract(254) PDF(17)
Abstract:
The article analyzes the economic and political factors that influence the equity structure of multinationals in their overseas investment activities. Firstly, it discusses some economic and technological characteristics of the multinationals, as well as the impact of their organizational structures on the decision making of their overseas investment. Secondly, it analyzes the economic and political characteristics of the host country that affect the equity investment of the multinationals. The article points out, in stipulating economic policies for attracting multinationals to invest in China, it is not enough to provide them and with such favorable measures as favorable taxation treatment; and it is difficult for the host country to influence the economic characteristics of the multinationals and the legal and taxation regulations of their residence country. However, by carrying out reforms, including improving government efficiency and reducing transaction fee, etc., we may increase the attraction for overseas capital fundamentally.
Exploration on Urban Water Security and Its Countermeasures
ZHANG Jun-yan, HAN Wen-xiu
2005, 21(2): 78-81.
Abstract(220) PDF(20)
Abstract:
With the quick development of economy,increase of population and urbanization, urban water security becomes a limited factor to fulfill the urban sustainable development. On the base of the concept of urban water security, this paper analyzes the current situation of urban water security and its causes. Furthermore, the countermeasures for urban water security are brought out from the aspects of water supply, water quality, water hazard, food, economy, society, zoology, forecasting system and law.
A New Trend of the Study on the Creative Organizational Context
ZHANG Jian, WANG Wei-cai
2005, 21(2): 82-86.
Abstract(309) PDF(15)
Abstract:
It is a new trend to explore the influence of organizational context on working staffs’s creative a chievements within the realm of working motivation. The present article reviews people’s view of the concept of creativity, the methods used in creative studies, the studies on creative factors,and the characteristics and mechanisms of creative context. It is concluded that the studies about creative organizational context are primary.A further task in this area will be putting forward an effective theory to reveal and integrate the psychological meanings of creative context.
Identifying the Critical Factors to Customer Satisfaction
DU Ya-ling, ZHU Xiu-wen
2005, 21(2): 87-93.
Abstract(341) PDF(15)
Abstract:
The Kano Customer Satisfaction Model indicates that it is wise to put the resources and management activities on the key requirement of customers. Which are the key requirements of customers? This paper does some research and tries to tell us. The author uses Shapley value and attributable risk techniques to identify the key factors influencing customer satisfaction.Through a set of data and its identification process,this paper demonstrates the theoretical and practical advantages of Shapley value and attributable risk concepts in elaborating optimal marketing strategy identification process. The paper aims at providing a quantitative method for the enterprises to find out the key requirement of customers, pointing out the way for their key key managment, and advancing their Customer Satisfaction Index.
Innovation of the Analysis Tools Used in the Studies of Human Capital——Origin and Meanings of System Analysis
SONG Xiao-mei
2005, 21(2): 94-98.
Abstract(252) PDF(15)
Abstract:
Based on economic increase and human capital theory, this paper explores the limitations and origins of the studies on human capital in our country.The meanings of making system analysis to our country’s human capital are also put forward.
History and Novel A Brief Review of the Development of Novel Concept
MA Zi-li
2005, 21(2): 99-101.
Abstract(370) PDF(15)
Abstract:
The concept of novel receives so much influence from historical works in its development that it is regarded as “the superabundance of history”. In the final analysis, it is Confucian idea and reality based on history but not reality based on art that become standard to estimate novel. Tang story becomes a mark that represents novel’s deviation from history and gaining independence.From then on, novel begins to receive attention as a writing style. The appearance of review and commentary, the compilation of hua ben, and the imitation of hua ben promote the development of the concept of novel. Jin Sheng-tan plays a key role in establishing Chinses classical novels.
A Landscape in History——On the Landscape Photography in China
BAO Kun
2005, 21(2): 102-108.
Abstract(261) PDF(17)
Abstract:
The term “landscape photography” has its own special implications in China because it is entirely different from the representational natural scenery photography that we would normally expect it to be. The cultural and social implications of this term are so complex that they are deeply intertwined and entangled with our modern visual history and contemporary cultural lives. For over a hundred years, China’s landscape photography has witnessed the relationship between nature and Chinese people, and reflected the spiritual voyages of photographers in different political and economic settings.
Sex Utopia in the Works of Jin Yong: The Two-sex World in “Shen-Diao Xia-Lv”
WANG Wei-yan
2005, 21(2): 109-113.
Abstract(593) PDF(17)
Abstract:
“Shen-Diao Xia-Lv” is Jin Yong’s masterpiece, in which a two-sex world with great contrast is built. The male image goes though an omni-directional tempering in such aspects as inner world, growth course, social situation, personality characteristics,and etc. resembling the ideal personality of Chinese culture;While the female image is only a sign, bearing the weight of such“ satisfactory ideals”as beautiful, kind, devoting, love ,etc.. This is a sex Utopia world.
The Art of Binary Opposition in Saul Bellow's Novels
ZHU Xiu-yuan
2005, 21(2): 114-118.
Abstract(245) PDF(15)
Abstract:
Saul Bellow is an important novelist in 20th century. This paper tries to integrate the analytic method of structuralism and the Binary opposition in his novels,and to illuminate Bellow’s Binary opposition from the angles of language and meaning. Still more, it tries to find footnotes for the Binary opposition proposition from the angle of culture,and show a detailed picture of Bellow’s art of Binary opposition.
Britain's Attitude Toward China on the Question of Tariff Revision Before the Washington Comference
ZHANG Bei-gen
2005, 21(2): 119-122.
Abstract(309) PDF(15)
Abstract:
During the First World War, the Western Powers including Britain didn’t agree to the request of revising the tariff put forward by China,only agreed to the effective rate of 5 per cent. Before the Paris Peace Conference, she even wasn’t willing to carry on the promise made by the Western Powers including herself to agree to grant China the effective rate of 5 per cent; in the Paris Peace Conference, she ignored China’s voice of revising the tariff. Before the Washington Conference, on the pretext of China’s political and economic situation she continued to oppose China’s immediate tariff revision regardless of its pressure.
Relationship between the Soviet Union and the Social and Political Situation in Sinkiang Border Area before the “Three Districts Revolution”
CAO Guo-fang
2005, 21(2): 123-127.
Abstract(379) PDF(15)
Abstract:
The paper makes a relatively systematic examination on the relations between the Soviet Union and the social and political situation in the border area of Sinkiang before the “Three districts revolution”, and thinks that it is because the Soviet Union carried out a series of aggressive, alienative and subversive actions step by step that led to the increasing tension, chaos and surge of social and political situation in Sinkiang border area.
Study on the Psychological Environment of Creativity Education
JIN Hong
2005, 21(2): 128-131.
Abstract(264) PDF(19)
Abstract:
Creativity Education is closely bound up with psychological circumstances. Good psychological circumstances, which include social psychological circumstance, school psychological circumstance and main body psychological circumstance, can provide an important support for creativity education in the psychological level. Therefore, how to build, optimize and foster these psychological circumstances will directly influence the efficiency of creativity education.

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