QIAN Mu highlighted that ancient Chinese society was led by a scholar-bureaucrat class through the dimension of social formation. Ancient Chinese politics has a primary principle of selecting the solons to form government, and establish the bureaucracy institution. QIAN Mu pointed out that the main structural defects of ancient Chinese politics was over centralization of government,local politics' decay and social impotence induced by tiled society.The main limit of QIAN Mu's view is the lack of modern concepts of rights.