北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）

Pioneers in the Field of Study of Chinese Metallurgy History(One)——Creation and Development of Institute of History of Metallurgy and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing 1974-2004

SUN Shu-yun, SONG Lin

2011, 27(2): 1-7.

Abstract(241) PDF(11)

Abstract:
Institute of History of Metallurgy and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing, which is one of the earliest institutes making specialized study on history of science and technology, has gained a series of outstanding achievements in the field of Chinese antiquity history of metallurgy.The paper traces the early creation and development of the institute by interviewing Professor Sun Shu-yun who is one of the early founders of the research institute.

Does It Matter What Genre Means?——Analysing Introductions to Research Articles within Different Traditions

Sushan Hood

2011, 27(2): 8-16.

Abstract(409) PDF(20)

Abstract:
The term "genre" now has a central place in educational linguistics in research and in pedagogy.It is used as a metalinguistic term to describe what we do, say and write as researchers, teachers and students;it is an organising principle for curricula and programs of instruction;it functions in analyses of disciplinary differences, and more.It is indeed a popular term.Yet, as Yunick suggests, "with this popularization comes the need for continued research, critical and ethical evaluation, and continued dialogue with theory." In this paper we take up an aspect of the challenge proposed by Yunick with a critical evaluation of what genre means within two different theoretical orientations to discourse.The paper essentially explores the question of whether it matters that the term genre means something different when used in the context of one theory or another.The study points to differences in what we identify as a genre and to its explanatory potential in research and in teaching.

Criticism in Academic Discourse Literature Review across the Disciplines

CHEN Ming-fang

2011, 27(2): 17-22.

Abstract(282) PDF(11)

Abstract:
Critical speech acts in literature reviews in academic discourse play an indispensable role in the construction, evaluation and promotion of new academic knowledge.This paper looks into criticism in academic discourse literature review across the disciplines, and takes negative evaluation, the pointing out of a gap, and other speech acts emphasizing the superiority of the literature reviewer's thinking in comparison to prior studies, as its object of inquiry.It also makes a categorization of critical speech acts in literature review and briefly analyses the different distributions of each category in natural science and social science literature review.

Intersubjectivity-constructing Resources in Academic Texts: Identification,Assessment and Application——Comments on Hyland's Model of Metadiscourse

XIN Zhi-ying

2011, 27(2): 23-28.

Abstract(325) PDF(13)

Abstract:
The article aims to identify, describe and assess intersubjectivity-constructing resources in academic discourse.Intersubjectivity is the author's indirect manipulation of the interactants involved in the academic activity, i.e.the author and the reader.The article holds that Hyland's model of metadiscourse is an effective approach to describing and assessing intersubjectivity-constructing resources in academic texts and of pedagogical significance.On the one hand, the systematicity of the model enables valid description of intersubjectivity-construction patterns in given texts and thus helps to analyse academic texts on the dimension of intersubjectivity construction.On the other hand, the model shows how to construct appropriate intersubjectivity in academic writing and facilitates to foster the writer's awareness of intersubjectivity-construction and strategies to build intersubjectivity.

Differences in Using “I” and “We” in Book Reviews

ZHANG Man

2011, 27(2): 29-32.

Abstract(233) PDF(12)

Abstract:
Using a corpus of 30 English book reviews on linguistics, this paper studies the differences in using "I" and "we" in book reviews adopting both qualitative and quantitative methods.The results show that book review writers mostly use "I" to make evaluative arguments, whereas "we" is mostly used to objectively introduce the book.In a word, the authorial power realized by "I" is greater than "we".

Conceptual Metaphor and Ideology: Based on the Study of H1N1 Discourse

HOU Jian-bo, SUN Jing-yi

2011, 27(2): 33-38.

Abstract(306) PDF(179)

Abstract:
Based on the social constructionism, which maintains a two-way relation between language and social reality, this paper applies the achievements in cognitive linguistics to analyze the conceptual metaphor in China Daily's H1N1 discourse.It is found that H1N1 is conceptualized as a metaphor complex: H1N1 is a greedy and sly murderer threatening the lives of entire human being.This arch-metaphor consists of four daughter metaphors.This paper further discusses the reasons of conceptualizing H1N1 in the way as it is.It is maintained that through the metaphor complex an implicit statement has been implanted among readers.The significance of this paper includes: (a) advancing the relevant discourse studies through furthering van Dijk's Ideology Square, and (b) demonstrating the relation between ideology and conceptual metaphor in media discourse.

Problems in the Evaluation of Academic Journals——Effect of Intradisciplinary Journals' Number on Journals' Impact Factor and Its Improvement

JIA Xian, HUANG Dong-hua

2011, 27(2): 39-43.

Abstract(314) PDF(11)

Abstract:
For interdisciplinary journals, there often exist great differences (from severalfold to several tenfold, or even to more than a hundredfold) among journal impact factors.In order to find why there is so large difference in impact factors among different disciplines and how to solve this problem, and to make journal impact factors reflect the difference of influence among not only intradisciplinary journals but also interdisciplinary journals, this paper theoretically studied the influence of journals' number on journals' impact factor based on the JCR data.The research results show that as a whole, the values of journal impact factors increase with the quantity of intradisciplinary journals increasing, and there is no much sense for comparing the impact factor of interdisciplinary journals.A new improved method for calculating journal impact factors was proposed in this paper, which can obviously discount the dependence of impact factors on journals' number, and the improved journal impact factors can effectively reflect the significance of journals and make the interdisciplinary comparison of journals become more valuable.

The Misreading and Methodology Criticism of “Chinese Liberalism Literature”

ZHANG Ti-kun, SONG Ying-hui

2011, 27(2): 44-49.

Abstract(249) PDF(11)

Abstract:
The entanglements between Chinese literature and politics in the 20th century made domestic scholars experience a return process from" political standard" to "literature itself".The cognitive bias and multi-interpretation of "liberal" formed the multiple faces of "Chinese Liberalism Literature", making it a quite interesting research phenomenon.This article made a systematically theoretical study and methodology thinking on the origination, name and its relation with western liberalism of "Chinese Liberalism Literature", the source and changing process of "freedom of literature", and the over-interpretation tendency in "Pan-liberalism".

Misreading and Misunderstanding in a Century——The Culture Value of Bing Xin's Novels on Life Problems

WANG Xiao-qing

2011, 27(2): 50-54.

Abstract(379) PDF(13)

Abstract:
Bing Xin received a great reputation on literary since she started writing in the beginning of the 20th century.Getting back to the historical site, people would find that her reputation mainly came from novels on the problems of life.However, our comments on her novels on the problems of life are not high.The misunderstanding in a century comes from different cultural and literature ideas.Bing Xin's asking about the meaning and value of life in her novels cut to the deepest point of void in a transformation times, and showed the culture nature of novel.The cultural value of Bing Xin's novels on the problems of life cannot be ignored.

An Empirical Analysis of Steel Industry Index and Financial Targets

WANG Li-min, PANG Li-hong, SUN Bin

2011, 27(2): 55-60,70.

Abstract(317) PDF(11)

Abstract:
This paper selected 20 listed companies from steel industry in China, and used each company's financial targets earnings per share, net asset value per share, current ratio and public reserve funds per share to figure out the steel industry financial targets.And taking the total stock issue as weight it figured out the average stock price of the 20 listed companies and the steel industry index.It also analyzed the relations between steel industry financial targets, steel industry turnover ratio and steel industry index of every season from 2001 to 2010.Then using the method of multi-element regression analysis, it figured out the price model of steel industry.This paper finally offered a proposal that investors of steel industry should pay more attention to the financial targets: net asset value per share and turnover ratio.

Internal Control Deficiencies: Literature Review and Forecast

LIU Ya-li, BAI Xue-ying, WANG Qian

2011, 27(2): 61-65.

Abstract(554) PDF(17)

Abstract:
Accompanying the development of research on internal control theory and the construction of internal control system in practice, internal control deficiencies become a hot issue on the research of internal control in recent years.Foreign scholars have obtained a number of research achievements.However, domestic researches relatively lag behind.This paper reviews the research achievements on internal control deficiencies and forecast the research directions in the future.

Empirical Research on the Fractal Characteristics of RMB Exchange Rate——Based on R/S Analysis Method

LIU Zhi-wei, ZHAO Yong-qin

2011, 27(2): 66-70.

Abstract(307) PDF(10)

Abstract:
Based on the central parity of RMB/USD, RMB/EUR and RMB/JPY from July 21, 2005 to October 29, 2010, R/S analysis is applied to the study of the daily return series.The conclusion indicates that the three exchange rates do not follow the Efficient Market Hypothesis, and they have clear fractal structures and different length of cycle.

How Treaty Rules Become Customary International Law: UNCLOS 1982 as an Example

WU Ka

2011, 27(2): 71-75,85.

Abstract(369) PDF(21)

Abstract:
In modern international law, treaties are an important carrier to create customary international law.There are two situations to form customary international law by way of a treaty: One is certain treaty rules' becoming customary law, the other is a treaty as a whole becoming customary law.The former has three forms: (1) codifies existing customary rules; (2) crystallizes emergent customary rules; (3) initiates the progressive development of customary rules.To create customary law by these ways, the requirements of a treaty's law-creating quality and universality, general practice and opinion juris must be satisfied.In addition to the above four requirements, the latter must meet two conditions, that is, there are a great number of contracting states whose interests have greatly influenced by the treaty and the treaty cannot be reserved, thereby adopting the form of a package agreement.All above four forms have been applied in UNCOLS 1982.

Analysis of Housemaids' Legal Problems

CUI Jun-gui

2011, 27(2): 76-80.

Abstract(273) PDF(10)

Abstract:
When a family directly employes a housemaid, they form the labor contract relationship.If the housemsid causes damages to others in the service process, the hiring family should assume corresponding responsibility for compensation.But if the housemaid has faults, the employer has the right to recover the housemaid.However, if the family hires the domestic helper by the domestic companies, the reletionship between the housemaid and domestic companies is employment relation;the reletionship between the housemaid and the hiring family is labor relations.If the housemaid causes damage to others in the service process, the hiring family still assumes liability to pay compensation at first, and the domestic companies should bear the corresponding supplementary liability in fault range as well.

On the Issue of Excess Automobile Insurance's Return Premium——Based on the 3rd Section of Article 55 of INSURANCE LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

ZANG Xing-dong, ZHANG Jia-sheng, CENG Jing

2011, 27(2): 81-85.

Abstract(296) PDF(9)

Abstract:
This article comprehensively analyzes the issue of excess automobile insurance's return premium which is ruled by the new insurance law of the PRC.It mentions the excess automobile insurance's return premium and its scope, therefore, the time difference between the underwrite and the occurrence of insured events, the deckning of the value of normal vehicle, and the little attention paid by the insurance company are the key reasons.Further, it discusses those automobile insurances, defines there are two kinds of automobile insurance which are related to excess insurance's return premium.It clears out the misunderstandings with excess automobile insurance's return premium and declares automobile insurance belongs to unvalued insurance.At the same time, it studies the difficulties which insurance companies meet when they are trying to deal with the settlement of claims which are induced by partial loss of insured vehicle.At the last part of this paper, the author analyzes some kinds of situation when the insurance applicant raises return premium and gives the way to resolve excess insurance's return premium after discussing some key premises.

Innovation Performance Evaluation on National University Science Parks——Based on Data Envelopment Analysis

QIAN Zhen-hua

2011, 27(2): 86-92.

Abstract(369) PDF(14)

Abstract:
Construction of National University Science Parks is an important measure for China's strategy of national innovation system.Because it has made great contributions to the development of high technology and transformation and industrialization of science and technology.The Ministry of Science & Technology and The Ministry of Education started the "performance evaluation" on National University Science Parks in order to strengthen the building and to enhance the development level of National University Science Parks.This paper aimed to enhance the management and decision-making level through the study on the efficiency of technological innovation of the National University Science Parks based on the principles and methods of data envelopment analysis.

Study on Western Mass Culture and Inspiration of Gramsci Steering

SHEN Wei

2011, 27(2): 93-96.

Abstract(369) PDF(10)

Abstract:
Study on western popular culture went through the earlier Levi Doctrine and the Frankfurt School Leavis, and was symbolized by the establishment of the University of Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies in Birmingham University in 1964.It gradually formed a study model of culturalism and structuralism.New understanding to Gramsci's cultural hegemony theory provided a new mode of observation and research perspective.It has important theoretical and practical significance on the contemporary cultural studies and strategic development of the proletarian revolution.

Study on the Community Identity of Landless Peasants in Rural Cities——An Analysis of X Community in Shandong Province

XU Bin, SUN Yi-qun

2011, 27(2): 97-100.

Abstract(230) PDF(9)

Abstract:
The "rural cities" and landless peasants are universal phenomena and products in the process of urbanization in China.With urbanization, the problems of "rural cities" and landless peasants have become prominent.The paper using the perspective of functionalism and taking the example of X community in the southeast of Shandong Province, analyzes the community identity of the landless peasants.The paper reckons that the community recognition and acceptance of landless peasants are low.In addition, less participation and the traditional mode of interpersonal communication also influence the community identity.To enhance the community identity, not only the construction of both community material and culture is needed, but also the importance of the core values should be realized.

Incompatible Self-identity—the Mentality of the Model Workers in Contemporary State-owned Enterprises

WANG Xiao-hui

2011, 27(2): 101-105.

Abstract(241) PDF(9)

Abstract:
The Paper studies the self –identity of the model workers in contemporary state-owned enterprises.Though proud of the honor, they are under the pressure of reality and psychology.Because of the decline of the whole Chinese working class, model workers as the elites have the difficulty in flowing up and have the deep depression.

The Growth Path of Grassroots NGO in Small-sized Communities

LI Xiao-wang, NA La

2011, 27(2): 106-110.

Abstract(257) PDF(12)

Abstract:
In this paper, under the theoretical framework of civil society, through a case study on the limits on the growth of the community grass-roots NGO's legitimacy, funding, service availability and expertise, we analyze four factors to explain the practice of grass-roots NGO breaking the constraints.Then from the empirical point of view, we provide an analytical development of the idea of grass-roots NGO.

Study on the Seniors' Social Participation under the Perspective of Functionalism

AI Ru

2011, 27(2): 111-117.

Abstract(311) PDF(11)

Abstract:
Active aging is the scientific policy framework to deal with the population aging.The seniors' social participation has an important meaning for active aging construction.The paper, using the perspective of functionalism, takes the example of Z community in Beijing, and analyzes the social participation of the elderly people from the political, economic, cultural, and community aspects.The study reckons that the low level social participation of elderly people is influenced by individual and social factors.The development of the elderly social participation needs the dual efforts of the society and the seniors themselves.

Discussing Campaign of “Ancient Text” in Wuzhong in Mid-Ming Dynasty

DI Xiao-ping

2011, 27(2): 118-123.

Abstract(331) PDF(10)

Abstract:
Campaign of "ancient text" rose in Wuzhong in mid-Ming Dynasty.Man-of-letters in Wuzhong highly praised and advocated the ancient text.The ancient texts that they advocated were ancient excellent literary works prior to Ming Dynasty.What they accentuated was ideological level-ffective reaction and the rich and bright colours of ancient text.In writing, they carried on the tradition of ancient text and Wuzhong literature, and made use of spoken language and folk adage, and identified with mass culture.

Study on the Annotation of Su Shi's Poems Created by Zhao Kui

HE Ze-tang

2011, 27(2): 124-129.

Abstract(214) PDF(9)

Abstract:
Zhao Kui concluded Su Shi's technique and rule of using literary quotation in his poem annotation;therefore, he constructed a complete classified system of literary quotation.Furthermore, Zhao Kui summarized Su Shi's composing technique.Zhao Kui quoted plenty of authentic datums, brought forth the politics backdrop of Su Shi's poems, and opened out the causation of Su Shi's poems, so that he made clear the whole poem's meaning.Incidentally, he explained the meaning of some pivotal sentences.

Contact between Ren Fang and Xiao Ziliang Man of Letters Group

YANG Sai

2011, 27(2): 130-133.

Abstract(293) PDF(9)

Abstract:
As a core member of Xiao Ziliang man of letters group, Ren Fang has contact with Shen Yue, Xiao Chen, Wang Rong and so on.After Xiao Ziliang's death, Ren Fang highly affirmed his behavior, knowledge, political achevements, etc.After Xiao Yan estabhished Liang Dynasty, Ren Fang was appointed minister of the Ministry of Personnel Affairs and became the central character in the man of letters group.He inherited Xiao Ziliang Group's tradition of attaching importance to science and literature and being honest and incorruptible official.

Gradually Exiled Rousseau——Liang Chi-chao's Cognition as the Center

YAN De-ru, HAN Li-qun

2011, 27(2): 134-140.

Abstract(356) PDF(12)

Abstract:
As "China's Rousseau", Liang Chi-chao had powerfully propagandized Rousseau's thoughts.Liang Chi-chao' cognition has experienced a process of significant change on Rousseau's thoughts: from completely praise before 1900 to relatively prudent between 1900 and 1902 when he, had detailed theory analysis, yet showed little objection;and to query in 1903 and then gradually went into negation and finally completely discarded Rousseau's thoughts.

Explanation of “Knowledge-Power” under State Intervention

JI Chao

2011, 27(2): 141-147.

Abstract(297) PDF(15)

Abstract:
The traditional state intervention ignores real time, and it virtualizes the existence of "Omniscient";while other classical liberalism pays more attention to human's powerlessness before "ignorance".In the background of "ignorance", the state and the market in the real time are disguised by "ignorance".Both state intervention and market system have no advantage in the aspect of "who can better predict and grasp the future".However, in the areas of "known", which is formed through the market's test and trial and error continuously, knowledge and power are generated during the interaction between "challenge and fight".The state intervention defends the equality of opportunity for market under the use of power.At the same time, when compared with the market system, it has advantages in the aspect of grasping macro trends through obtaining "known" knowledge.We should attach importance to the supervision and perfection of state intervention.

Research on Zhang Yinhuan and the Sino-Japanese War Negotiation

WANG Lian-ying

2011, 27(2): 148-153.

Abstract(368) PDF(10)

Abstract:
Zhang Yinhuan was a famous diplomat in modern China.In the Sino-Japanese War's peace negotiation in 1894, Zhang Yinhuan positively participated in the peace negotiation plan, and was deputed negotiation minister to Japan.The Japanese refused the negotiation for "the plenary powers insufficiency" of the Chinese peace negotiation ministers.The article analyses the reasons of Zhang Yinhuan's being refused as peace negotiation minister from the two aspects of China and Japan.After returning to homeland, Zhang Yinhuan continued to assist Li Hongzhang's peace negotiation to Japanese, and played an influential role.

Britain's Decolonization in China at the Beginning of the North Expedition

WANG Rong-xia

2011, 27(2): 154-159.

Abstract(346) PDF(9)

Abstract:
During the May 30th movement in 1925, Britian was attacked by China.After that, Chinese Anti-Imperialism Movement became served.Under this circumstance, the politicians and businessmen in Britain launched a fierce debate.At the end of 1926, Britain announced "Christmas Memorandum" and showed a compromise attitude.It took a decolonization process step.Britain's behavior was to ensure continued colonial interests in China.Britain's denolonization is essentially a paradox result of its colonizing other states.

The Character of Youth Mao Zedong and His Exploration in Revolutionary Road Theory of China

SUN Wen-bo, WANG Jiu-gao

2011, 27(2): 160-164.

Abstract(302) PDF(10)

Abstract:
The articIe summarizes the character of youth Mao Zedong in the peyrspective of both pschology and history.It elaborates the relationship between youth Mao Zedong's character and his exploration in revolutionary road theory of China, and reveals the key factor of living soul in Mao Zedong Thought, which can be found in youth Mao Zedong's character.

The Improvement of Teaching Evaluation Methods Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation and Association Rules

ZHANG Ceng-lian

2011, 27(2): 165-169.

Abstract(178) PDF(13)

Abstract:
Unscientific evaluation method offten leads to inconsistent teaching evaluation results between breakdown and overall.We can obtain relative scientific evaluation results through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and find effective teaching evaluation rules through association rules.

The Practice and Inspiration of “Research Experiences for Undergraduates Program” of American Houston University——Taking the Computer Department of Houston University for Example

CAO Miao-sun

2011, 27(2): 170-174.

Abstract(364) PDF(11)

Abstract:
The essay takes the Computer Department of Houston University as an example and introduces its application, activities and practice of "Research Experiences for Undergraduates Program".It puts forward four pieces of advice in order to give some useful suggestion for improving the research ability of undergraduates in our research universities.

2011 Vol. 27, No. 2