Abstract: The Mohist scientific and technological thought embodies a rigorous and pragmatic methodology, a scientific commitment to promoting welfare and eliminating harm, and a “trinity” of scientific norms, standing out among the pre-Qin philosophies for its distinctive scientific character. The Mohist not only elevated ancient China to a world-leading position in science and technology, but also pioneered a possible developmental path for Chinese nation to modern science. After the Qin Dynasty, Mohism declined from prominence, surviving covertly among the populace for two millennia. Despite the stagnation of ancient China’s scientific progress, it preserved a precious cultural spark of technological wisdom. In modern times, amid the struggle for national survival, Mohism re-emerged, providing psychological identity for the spread of Western learning, injecting advanced ideas to address societal ills, and shaping a scientific spirit for technological development. It served as a bridge connecting Western science and technology and successfully facilitated the introduction of Marxism. In the new era, Mohism rooted in the nation’s cultural heritage, provides profound historical legitimacy for cultural confidence, nurtures ethical standards in science and technology, and envisions a harmonious integration of technology. It has become a powerful cultural force driving scientific self-reliance and strengthening China’s ambition to emerge as a global leader in science and technology.