Abstract: With the continuous iteration of artificial intelligence, generative artificial intelligence (GAI, hereinafter referred to as GAI), represented by ChatGPT, has been deeply integrated into the field of education, bringing structural changes to postgraduate cultivation. Compared with the fixed curriculum system and standardized path of traditional teaching, its functions such as real-time knowledge retrieval realized through natural language interaction are reshaping the paradigm of teacher-student interaction. University teachers should take “teaching students in accordance with their aptitudes and promoting personalized development” as the guidance, integrate it with teaching modules, and build an “AI-assisted precise training system”. While seizing opportunities, it is necessary to be vigilant against the risks such as academic thinking degradation, content accuracy deviation, and ethical anomie caused by over-reliance. Teachers should strengthen their subject awareness, and guide students to use technology reasonably and maintain critical thinking by designing usage guidelines, establishing review mechanisms, and developing literacy courses. In the reform of ideological and political courses in universities, artificial intelligence constructs a multi-dimensional learning situation portrait through big data analysis, providing a basis for differentiated teaching; the intelligent monitoring system tracks key indicators, supports dynamic adjustment of strategies, and promotes teaching from experience-driven to data-driven, both adhering to the essence of education and enhancing affinity and pertinence.