Abstract: In The Task of the Youth League, Lenin not only deeply explained the great significance of youth education for the construction of communist society, the recovery and development of the national economy, and the promotion the growth of young people, but also based on the reality of socialist construction and youth development in Soviet Russia. He rationally set the basic content of youth education from three main aspects: ideological and moral education, scientific and cultural knowledge education and labor education. In addition, he scientifically planned the working path of youth education from the aspects of combining theoretical education with practical exercise, external indoctrination with internal digestion, organizational guidance with example demonstration, critical struggle with constructive development, so as to scientifically analyzed a series of basic questions about youth education such as “why to educate, what to educate, and how to educate”. The profound understanding and scientific reference of Lenin’s conception of youth education has important practical significance for improving the quality and effectiveness of youth education in China and cultivating new generations to shoulder the great responsibility of national rejuvenation.