Abstract: With the evolution and development of the social and economic structure,social credit has gradually gained independent significance and value, and has a solid moral and institutional foundation. It has undergone three stages of evolution, namely, personal credit with “interaction” as the core meaning, economic credit with “exchange” as the core meaning and social credit with “common” as the core meaning. Modern society has endowed social credit with social governance functions, making it an important part of the rules of the national system and the core values of society. The protection of social credit as a legal interest of criminal law is not only because the risk society has transformed interaction risk into system risk, and the trust relationship has lost its basis of certainty, it is also because the information society has promoted the datatization of personalities and the prediction of behavioral patterns, and social credit data is facing the dilemma of out-of-control abuse. Reviewing the current situation of criminal law protection, it can be seen that the criminal law should establish the concept of sequential order and the concept of coordinated governance to protect the legal interests of social credit, and according to the logical structure of social credit, protect the relationship of trust, the scale of credit value, and the credit environment to provide targeted protection from the micro, meso, and macro levels .