“过”的信息突显性及其解释力

鞠志勤; 高秀雪

doi:10.19979/j.cnki.issn10082689.2023100032

“过”的信息突显性及其解释力

doi: 10.19979/j.cnki.issn10082689.2023100032

青岛农业大学外国语学院，青岛 266109

基金项目: 教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“跨语言比较视角下及物化现象的句法—语义界面研究”（编号：20YJA740012）

详细信息

作者简介:
鞠志勤（1978—），女，山东安丘人，青岛农业大学外国语学院副教授

高秀雪（1972—），女，山东郓城人，青岛农业大学外国语学院教授

中图分类号: H0-03
计量
- 文章访问数: 143
- HTML全文浏览量: 57
- PDF下载量: 8
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-15
- 刊出日期: 2024-12-25

The Information Prominence of Chinese Experiential Aspect Marker guo and Its Explanatory Power to the Grammatical Meaning of guo

School of Foreign Languages, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China

摘要

摘要: 以往研究用终结性或可重复性来解读经历体标记“过”的语法意义，但各有反例。文章提出，“过”应该满足信息突显的语用条件，终结性与可重复性则源自信息突显的两个实现条件。因为信息突显性的制约，肯定和否定语境下的“V过”包含截然相反的信息量。信息突显依赖“图形”和“背景”的配置。图形是“过”标记的事件，通过终结性实现突显，是终结义的来源；背景则是事件集合，通过“数”概念起到衬托的作用，是可重复义的来源。文章引入突显概念，完善终结义和可重复义的内涵，将两者看作突显性的一体两面，实现了两个语法意义的融合。
- 经历体标记 /
- “过” /
- 信息突显 /
- 终结性 /
- 可重复性
Abstract: The Chinese experiential aspect marker -guo has been studied broadly, especially its semantics. In previous studies, the semantics of -guo is generalized as repeatability or discontinuity, each having counter-examples though. In this article, to give an adequate explanation of the distributional pattern of -guo, it proposes that information prominence is constraint on the felicitous usage of -guo, and repeatability and discontinuity originate from the conditions that ensure the information prominence. Due to the constraint of information prominence, V-guo requires different opposite amounts of information in affirmative and negative structures. The realization of information prominence resides on the configuration of figure and background. Figure is represented by the marked event, whose discontinuity ensures its prominence, where discontinuity of -guo comes from. Background is closely associated with the repeatability of -guo, and is configured by a “number” concept to ensure the event set, from which the repeatability is derived. With this new proposal, the semantic properties -guo described by previous studies can be explained in the same framework, and thus the repeatability and discontinuity can be unified.
- -guo /
- experiential aspect marker /
- information prominence /
- discontinuity /
- repeatability

HTML全文

参考文献(23)

[1]	曹广顺. 近代汉语助词[M]. 北京:语文出版社,1995.
[2]	林新年. 《祖堂集》动态助词[M]. 上海:上海三联书店,2006.
[3]	彭睿. 共时关系和历时轨迹的对应——以动态助词“过”的演变为例[J]. 中国语文,2009(3):212-224,287.
[4]	刘月华. 动态助词“过₂过₁了₁”用法比较[J]. 语文研究,1988(1):6-16.
[5]	房玉清. 动态助词“了”“着”“过”的语义特征及其用法比较[J]. 汉语学习,1992(1):14-20.
[6]	金立鑫,于秀金. 普通话动词与“了、过、着、在”的组合与限制[J]. 汉语学习,2022(3):11-24.
[7]	饶宏泉. 话语互动中“V过”的功能研究[J]. 世界汉语教学,2017,31(3):311-326.
[8]	李延波. 普通话“VO+过”格式的形成原因[J]. 语文研究,2020(3):35-40. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2979.2020.03.006
[9]	ILJIC R. The verbal suffice-guo in Mandarin Chinese and the notion of recurrence [J]. Lingua,1990,81(4):301-326. doi: 10.1016/0024-3841(90)90027-I
[10]	PAN H & LEE P. The role of pragmatics in interpreting the Chinese perfective markers -guo and -le [J]. Journal of Pragmatic,2004,36(3):441-466. doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2003.07.003
[11]	吕叔湘. 现代汉语八百词(增订本)[M]. 北京:商务印书馆,1999.
[12]	陈振宇,李于虎. 经历“过2”与可重复性[J]. 世界汉语教学,2013,27(3):331-345.
[13]	陈前瑞. 完成体与经历体的类型学思考[J]. 外语教学与研究,2016(6):803-814,959 .
[14]	XU H. The experiential aspect of Mandarin Chinese (-guo):Semantics and pragmatics [J]. Lingua,2019(229):1-19.
[15]	CHAPPELL H. A typology of evidential markers in sinitic languages[A] // CHAPPELL H. Sinitic Grammar:Synchronic and Diachronic Perspectives[C]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2001:56-84.
[16]	武果. 副词“还”的主观性用法[J]. 世界汉语教学,2009,23(3):322-333.
[17]	包兴佳,罗载兵. 英语否定极性的学术语篇发生研究:系统功能语言学视角[J]. 北京科技大学学报(社会科学版),2022,38(5):533-542.
[18]	LEECH G. Principles of Pragmatics[M]. London:Longman,1983.
[19]	GIVÓN T. English Grammar:A Function-based Introduction(Vol. II)[M]. Amsterdam:John Benjamins,1993.
[20]	苗兴伟. 否定结构的语篇功能[J]. 外语教学与研究,2011,43(2):220-229.
[21]	匡芳涛,文旭. 图形—背景的现实化[J]. 外国语(上海外国语大学学报),2003(4):24-31.
[22]	刘承峰. 现代汉语“语用数”范畴研究[D]. 上海:复旦大学,2007.
[23]	竟成. 谈谈“了”和“过”[J]. 汉语学习,1985(4):6-7.