Abstract: The ecological problems of today’s society are, in essence, the manifestation of the inherent contradictions of the capitalist society, and the capitalist ecological governance cannot be the means to solve the ecological problems of contemporary society fundamentally, and it has its own limitations, which are rooted in the capitalist mode of production itself. Therefore, in the face of today’s social and ecological problems, we should go beyond the limitations of the capitalist mode of production and establish a socialist mode of ecological governance on the basis of the basic principles of scientific socialism, and realize the transformation of thinking paradigm from capitalist economic rationality to social ecological rationality. This socialist ecological governance model should be embodied in the following three governance measures at the concrete level: first, production and distribution should be organized in a planned manner so that natural resources can be reasonably utilized. Second, adhere to the principle of ecological priority governance, and take the ecological environment as the direct object of governance, eliminating the circuitous process under the capitalist economic paradigm. Third, it adheres to the governance model of synergistic participation of multiple subjects under the leadership of the Party to ensure the effectiveness of governance.