Abstract: Marxism is not only the guiding ideology but also the fundamental theoretical support for the construction of the “Great Ideological and political course”. There is a direct inheritance relationship between the fundamental task of cultivating people with virtue emphasized by the “Great Ideological and Political Course” and the free and comprehensive development of human beings highlighted by Marxism. The thought of comprehensive development is of great significance to dismantle the “one-sided” disadvantages of talent training. The “Great Ideological and Political Course” advocates giving full play to the “synergistic effect” among various departments and links, which is highly compatible with the systematic concept of dialectical materialism. It provides methodological guidance for promoting the construction of “Great Ideological and Political course” from the perspective of the overall situation. The contradictory relationship between the constituent elements of “Great Ideological and Political Course”, and between the “Great Ideological and Political Course” and the whole body can be well explained by the Marxist theory of contradiction. The new ideas and thoughts formed by the “Great Ideological and Political Course” based on the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics can be expounded clearly by the Marxist epistemology of practice, understanding, re-practice and re-understanding. Overall, the construction of “Great Ideological and Political Course” requires not only Marxism as its theoretical basis, but also the combination of the basic theories of Marxism with the practice of “Great Ideological and Political Course” to constantly promote the innovative developments of “Great Ideological and Political Course”.