Abstract: China has won the victory in poverty alleviation, and its experience and wisdom have attracted extensive attention across the world. Eradicating poverty and improving people’s livelihood is the common goal of social governance of all governments, which is easy to resonate and identify with people all over the world. This creates a good opportunity to tell the story of China’s poverty alleviation and spread traditional Chinese culture and values. However, how to tell the stories of China’s poverty alleviation, and how to integrate these stories with the global political and academic discourse, and thus become a common discourse of all countries are important practical issues. This paper constructs the discourse system for international communication of China's poverty governance from the five levels such as symbolic mode, structural pattern, semantic content, context and ideology, so as to provide constructive suggestions for improving China’s discursive power in global poverty governance, capability of international communication and international image.