A Multimodal Approach to the Social Semiotic Construction of Ecological Meanings in Children’s Picture Book
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摘要: 绘本作为儿童教育的主要语篇体裁，在家庭和学校教育中占据至关重要的地位。目前，少有研究关注儿童绘本所蕴含的生态价值取向，而这对儿童环保意识和生态素养的培养不容忽视。鉴于此，文章基于社会符号学理论，对儿童绘本《你好！大自然》进行多模态生态话语分析，并探讨图文互补生态叙事策略，旨在为儿童绘本的生态评估提供思路，并为其编写提供策略。研究发现该儿童绘本中文字与图像协同建构语篇生态意义和观念，整体呈现有益性生态表征。儿童绘本的生态叙事策略包括个性化参与者角色、叙事视角同时空视点交叉转换和强化静态视觉信息呈现等。Abstract: Picture books, as the main genre of children’s education, play an important role in family and school education. So far, few studies have focused on the ecological value orientations in children’s picture books, but the cultivation of children’s eco-awareness and eco-literacy through picture books cannot be ignored. Therefore, based on the theory of social semiotics, this study aims to carry out an ecological discourse analysis of children’s picture book Hello! Nature by looking into the complementarity between texts and images so as to provide a theoretical insight into the ecological evaluation of children’s picture books and to provide writing strategies. It is found that texts and images in this picture book jointly contribute to the ecological meanings and beliefs of the discourse, demonstrating beneficial ecological orientations as a whole. Discursive strategies, including personalization of participants, shift of narrative and space-time perspective, or increasing the visual presentation of static information, are used to construct ecological meanings in the book.
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表 1 符号系统过程类型及参与者角色分类表
符号系统 意义系统 过程类型 含义 参与者角色 言语符号 及物性 物质过程 行动、活动、事件 行动者、目标 心理过程 感知、情感、思想 感知者、现象 关系过程 关系 载体、属性；被识别者、识别者 行为过程 生理或心理行为 行为者 言语过程 语言交流 讲话者、说话内容 存在过程 存在 存在物 视觉符号 再现意义 行动过程 行动、运动 行动者、目标 反应过程 反应、识别 反应者、现象 言语过程 语言内容 讲话者、所说内容 心理过程 思维想法 感知者、所想内容 分类结构 分类关系 上位成分、下位成分 分析结构 部分-整体关系 载体、属有属性 象征结构 象征关系 载体、象征属性 
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表 2 及物性过程类型及其生态取向分布表
% 过程类型 有益性 模糊性 破坏性 总和 物质过程 23.52 3.92 0.71 28.15 心理过程 11.04 0.00 0.00 11.04 关系过程 4.39 5.23 0.00 9.62 行为过程 16.98 0.00 0.12 17.10 言语过程 29.93 1.54 0.36 31.83 存在过程 1.43 0.83 0.00 2.26
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表 3 再现视觉过程类型及其生态取向分布表
% 过程类型 有益性 模糊性 破坏性 总和 行为过程 48.90 0.00 0.40 49.30 反应过程 42.53 0.00 0.40 42.93 心理过程 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.40 言语过程 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.40 分类结构 0.00 0.90 0.20 1.10 分析结构 1.39 0.30 0.00 1.69 象征结构 2.79 0.70 0.70 4.18
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表 4 图像−言语示例对比表
展开 再现视觉过程 图像内容 言语片段 及物性过程 1 — — “外婆也说” 言语过程 2 — — “失望”“不明白” 心理过程 3 行动、反应过程 外婆望着 “望着” 行为过程 4 行动、反应过程 甜甜、悠悠离开 “远去的背影” — 5 心理过程 外婆思维泡 “外婆想起” 心理过程 6 — — “叹道” 言语过程
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