An Exploration of the Internal Logic of Andre Gorz’s Eco-critical Theory
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摘要: 安德烈·高兹的生态批判理论呈现出较为严密而深刻的内在逻辑，即以对传统社会主义的批判为逻辑起点，剖析了其在经济理性层面与资本主义的内在一致性，对以生态理性为核心的社会主义进行了重新定义；以对资本主义的生态批判为逻辑主线，从生态学视角对资本主义的劳动分工、科学技术、经济理性和异化消费进行了批判，揭示了生态危机的资本主义制度根源；以“非工人−非阶级”和新社会运动为逻辑中介，分析了传统革命主体的消亡，探寻了新的革命主体；以对生态社会主义的建构为逻辑旨归，在批判生态资本主义的基础上，阐发了建构生态社会主义的路径。厘清高兹生态批判理论的内在逻辑，对于系统梳理其思想体系和总体把握整个生态学马克思主义具有重要价值。但从根本上来说，高兹对资本主义的生态批判仍未超越马克思对资本主义的政治经济学批判，其建构的生态社会主义仍具有浓厚的乌托邦色彩。Abstract: The eco-critical theory of Andre Gorz presents a relatively rigorous and profound internal logical path, that is, starting from the criticism of traditional socialism, it analyzes the internal consistency between traditional socialism and capitalism in the level of economic rationality and redefines socialism with ecological rationality as the core. Taking the ecological criticique of capitalism as the logical mainline, the paper criticizes the division of labor, science and technology, economic rationality, and alienated consumption of capitalism from the perspective of ecology, and reveals the capitalist system root of ecological crisis. Taking “non-worker-non-class” and the new social movement as the logical medium, this paper analyzes the disappearance of the traditional revolutionary subject and explores the new revolutionary subject. Taking the construction of ecological socialism as the logical aim, this paper expounds on the path of constructing eco-critical theory based on criticizing ecological capitalism. To clarify the internal logic of Gorz’s eco-critical theory is of great value to systematically comb out the overall framework of Gorz’s thought system and grasp the whole ecological Marxism. But fundamentally speaking, Gorz’s ecological criticique of capitalism has not surpassed Marx’s political economy criticism of capitalism, and the ecological socialism constructed by Gorz has a strong utopian color.
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Key words:
- Gorz /
- ecological criticism /
- alienation /
- ecological socialism
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