On the Legislation Perfection about the Issues Arising from “Zero or Negative Fee for Tour”
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摘要: 文章运用案例分析、规范分析、政策价值的研究方法,研究了旅游中零负团费表现的隐性化、更不易于法律适用这一现象的法律制度成因。法学零负团费本质是旅游服务合同中约定的服务价格等于或低于旅游服务成本,旅行社在旅游服务合同履行过程中,通过各种隐性形式收取回扣来弥补损失的非正常盈利模式。零负团费损害了旅游消费者的公平交易权益和对旅游产品的选择权,破坏了旅游市场秩序。现行法律制度下,对零负团费的规制有其制度困境,主要在于《旅游法》中认定标准不明确,表现在《旅游法》的第35条明确禁止了零负团费情形,但是实效却不太理想,主要是因为对“不合理低价”、诱骗、强迫、“具体购物场所”范围等认定不清。对于规制旅游中零负团费,建议可以从完善立法、加强监管、自律和他律方面入手,建立起综合协调机制。Abstract: This thesis uses case studies, normative analysis, and policy value research methods to study the causes of the legal system of zero-density group fees in tourism,which is less likely to be legally applicable.The purpose is to propose countermeasures.After the analysis,it is concluded that the zero-negative group fee is essentially the service price agreed in the travel service contract is equal to or lower than the travel service cost.In the process of fulfilling the travel service contract,the travel agency collects the rebate through various implicit forms to make up for the loss.The zero-negative group fee damages the fair trade rights of tourism consumers and the choice of tourism products,which undermines the order of the tourism market.Under the current legal system,the regulation of zero-negative group fees has its institutional dilemma,mainly because the criteria for identification in the Tourism Law are not clear.It is manifested in the fact that Article 35 of the Tourism Law explicitly prohibits zero-negative group fees.However, the effectiveness is not ideal, mainly because of the unreasonable low price, deception, coercion, and the scope of "specific shopping places".For the regulation of zero-negative group fees in tourism, it is suggested that we can start from the aspects of improving legislation, strengthening supervision, self-discipline and heteronomy, and establishing a comprehensive coordination mechanism.
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Key words:
- tourism /
- “Zero or Negative Fee for Tour” /
- dilemma /
- legistration
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