International Cooperationon the Governance of Infectious Diseases: History, Reality and Future
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摘要: 国际合作成为全球化时代传染病治理之必需。自19世纪中叶以来,传染病治理国际合作经历了1851—1947年的兴起与初步探索、1948—2002年的整合与快速发展、2003年至今的改革与结构性调整三个阶段。目前它仍面临诸多挑战,单元层次的“不合作难题”久而未决,国际公共物品的“成本承担问题”日益突出,国家治理能力上的“南北差距”难以弥合,多维度下的“协调难题”长期存在,观念层面的“认知困境”无法突破。着眼未来,应深化国际合作机制改革,充分体现新兴大国和发展中国家的诉求;抓住关键环节,着力打造传染病治理国际合作的核心能力;理顺各类关系,明确传染病治理国际合作的思路方向;重视案例研究,推广新发传染病治理的成功经验。Abstract: International cooperation is necessary for the governance of infectious diseases in the era of globalization.Since the middle of the 19th century, international cooperation of infectious diseases has gone through three stages:the rise and preliminary exploration from 1851 to 1947, the integration and rapid development from 1948 to 2002, and the reform and structural adjustment from 2003 to the present.At present, it still faces many challenges, such as the "non-cooperation problem" at the unit level, the "cost-bearing problem" of international public goods, the "South-North gap" in national governance capacity,the "cognitive dilemma" at the conceptual level.In the future, efforts should be made to deepen the reform of the mechanism to fully reflect the needs of emerging powers and developing countries; seize the key links and strive to build the core capabilities;rationalize various relationships and clarify the key directions; attach importance to case studies and disseminate successful experiences from the emerging powers.
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