Abstract: Among various translation theories, polysystem theory and eco-translatology have little connection.However, both theories have common points in terms of some theoretical contents and concepts including “wholeness”, “inter-connectedness” and “poly-”.Polysystem theory, seeing translation as a system, stresses the interaction between translation system and other related systems in a polysystem.But it lacks in elaboration of the internal condition of the translation system.This paper, approaching from the perspective of eco-translatology, describes the translation system as an ecological system and proposes the checking mechanism as the innate feature operant inside the translation system by employing relevant theoretical discourse.It is intended to supplement polysystem theory in its insufficient description of the translation system’s internal operation.