Resources and environmental issues are too costly and have become one of the important factors constrainting China's rapid economic and social development.It seriously deviates from the basic requirements of the scientific concept of development proposed in the 17th CPC National Congress and civilization development of five-in-one proposed in the 18th CPC National Congress and has caused extensively attention from the state, society and academic world.In mid-June 2013, the Supreme Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate promulgated the “The Interpretation of Several Applicable Law Issues on the Handling of Environmental Pollution Related Criminal Cases” (hereinafter referred to as “Two High Judicial Interpretation”).People's attention was once again drawn to the Government on the implementation of regulatory responsibilities of resources and environment: dereliction of duty in environmental regulatory will be punished severely.If a thorough investigation is undertaken on the chaos of resources and environmental violations, it is observable that behind almost all the illegal phenomenon there is a “shadow” of the government: or the presence of the mismanagement of the government and its administrative departments, or the presence of the government's “everything he knows” purposes.According to the author, to implement the scientific concept of development, to realize China's comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of the five-in-one socialist modernization, resources and environmental protection must be handled from its source, i.e.people's government and its administrative departments must strictly enforce the law, strengthen the leadership, reinforce the responsibility and manage the society innovatively in the field of environmental resources, and thus the people's government will truly become the rule-of-law government and responsible government.