Abstract: Liang Shuming, a well-known modern philosopher and a great thinker, was a representative of the rural educational movement in the twenties and thirties in the last century.The rural construction theory proposed by Liang had a tremendous effect on the rural education and even the whole rural society transformation at that time and later time as well.Running a school in Caozhou, an early educational practice by Liang, had an immense impact on the formation of his rural education theory.From then on, Liang embarked on the rural education practices.In this paper, the origins, purposes and the causes of the failure in running the Caozhou school are carded and analyzed in order to reveal Liang Shuming's intentions towards the rural education and the transformation of his motives.In this way, Liang's unique pursuit and values of education are also reflected.