Abstract: As a Marxism theorist, Hu Qiaomu dared to criticize the doctrinairism of “ defending Marxism as general formulas ”in his later years, broke through some forbidden zones of the theory on literature and politics, reflected the law of “ literature belonging to politics ”in depth, which puzzled the literature and art circles for decades, and put forward his own opinions, such as,literature and politics have differences in nature, task, social role and function, literature is not affiliated with politics, etc. He makes a unique contribution to the development of literature and art in the new period and to the sinicization of the theory of literature and art of Marxism.