Abstract: Since the reform and opening up, with the enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength, China's closer ties with East Asia, the world's political and economic center of gravity has shifted eastward, which has promoted the strategic position of Southern Xinjiang and South China Sea. This requires us to strengthen the research on the history, geography and culture of Southern Xinjiang and the South China Sea, so as to meet the needs of the development of the situation and promote the modernization of border governance. "Zhengde Qiongtai Zhi" is the earliest well preserved Hainan local chronicle work. In this local chronicle literature, it objectively, comprehensively and fully records the natural geographical data and historical and cultural data of Hainan in Ming Dynasty, which can be called "the whole history of a party". Through the analysis of the historical data value of Zhengde Qiongtai Zhi, it can be concluded that deepening the research on the governance of ancient Chinese frontier should be based on local chronicles Research is a good breakthrough.