Abstract: By 1957, the cooperativization of agriculture movement had developed swiftly, causing a huge ribration in China rural community life.Farmers and the countryside cadre wanted to withdraw from society.Mao Zedong and the Central Committee of the CCP thought that carrying on socialist education to the farmer is the consistent line that can solve the problem effectively.Under Mao Zedong's instruction, the Central Committee of the CCP on August 8, 1957 sent out "about Carries on a Time Large-scale Socialist education to All Rural population Instruction", the socialist education movement like a raging fire has developed immediately.This movement lasted nearly one year, and made a very big progress.However, it also has some problems.