Abstract: Over the past century since the founding of the CPC, guaranteeing and improving the lives of employees had been the persevering goal and pursuit of the Party. After the founding of People’s Republic of China, the Party and the Government had taken a series of measures to do their best to provide basic guarantees for employees’ living, while the whole society was under extreme economic difficulties. During the period of national economic adjustment, in order to cope with the new situation, under which employees were going through a harder time and facing with deeper difficulties, the Party and the Government adhered to the policy “overall consideration and appropriate arrangements”, coordinated the work of readjusting the macro economy and subsidizing employees’ living, and appropriately increased subsidies for employees in need. With the improvement of the economic situation, the Party and the Government proposed creatively a working method which was combining mutual assistance among employees and subsidies for difficulties, and then put it into practice. The Party and the Government tried their best to reduce the difficulties of employees’ living and improve their life for the better, on the basis of not increasing or less increasing the burden in terms of the state’s finance and employees’ personal outlays. All in all, the historical experience and theoretical thinking that the CPC had accumulated in dealing with the difficulties of employees’ living from 1961 to 1965, are helpful for construction of people’s livelihood in the new era.