Abstract: Modern Chinese library science was gradually pulled-in and established along with the transformation from traditional book-storing buildings to modern libraries in the last phase of Qing dynasty and the early period of Republic of China.Libraries in various regions provided convenience for researchers by compiling all sorts of catalogs, indexes, and so on.Dictionaries and indexes compiled by academia of library science provided essential auxiliary instruments for academic research.Library science has become an essential auxiliary discipline in modern Chinese academic research, and extremely promoted the development of modern Chinese academic research.