Abstract: The book Le Moine Etle Philosophe records a deep talk about eastern and western culture between a father who holds the identity of a western philosopher and his son who holds the position of a monk trained in Buddhology in the East.The content of the book is grand and exquisite.This article evaluates the Buddhism and western psychoanalysis from the comparative perspectives of scientific research and the heart exploring，the deep consciousness of humans，personality structure and the human nature of good and evil.