Translation of Political Metaphors with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the Perspective of Cross-lingual Cognitive Mapping
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摘要: 研究以《习近平谈治国理政》中211则政治隐喻的翻译为例，基于认知语言学的概念隐喻认知映射，探究跨语翻译后政治隐喻认知映射的改变，以及不同认知映射方式所对应的翻译方法，进而阐述政治隐喻英译的规律性特征。研究发现，政治隐喻跨语翻译后概念域的认知映射关系可分为映射匹配、映射缺失和映射转移三种，映射匹配对应保留喻体的直译法，映射缺失对应舍喻体、留喻义的释译法和舍喻体、舍喻义的省译法，映射转移对应转换喻体的借译法。其中，实现认知映射匹配的直译法占比最为突出，彰显了对外政治翻译中译者的话语自信。隐喻翻译是译者文化认知的“体验”过程，书中的政治隐喻英译呈现出回归源语文化的倾向，尽可能地保留原文隐喻的认知映射，进而再现领导人的话语风格，争取更广泛的国际支持。
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关键词:
- 政治隐喻 /
- 概念隐喻 /
- 认知映射 /
- 外宣翻译 /
- 《习近平谈治国理政》
Abstract: Based on the cognitive mapping of conceptual metaphor in cognitive linguistics, this study takes the example of the translation of 211 political metaphors in Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, explores the translation methods in correspondence to different cognitive mapping, and expounds the regularities in the translation of political metaphors. It has been found that after translation the cognitive mapping of the concept domain in political metaphors can be divided into three kinds: mapping matching, mapping missing and mapping transferring. Mapping matching corresponds to literal translation, mapping missing corresponds to interpretative translation and omission, and mapping transferring corresponds to loan translation. Among them, literal translation, which realizes the cognitive mapping matching, is the dominant one among all the translation methods, showing the translators’ discourse confidence in international publicity translation. Metaphor translation is a cognitive process based on translators’ cultural embodiment. The translation in this book displays a tendency of returning to the source culture, preserving the cognitive mapping of the original metaphor as much as possible. It helps in reproducing the discourse style of Xi Jinping and gaining more international support. -
表 1 政治隐喻网络的构成及其英译
原文 译文 照镜子 examine oneself in the mirror 以党章为镜 use the Party Constitution as a mirror 敢照镜子 dare to look in the mirror 勤照镜子 do so frequently 正衣冠 straighten one’s clothes and hat 把党性修养正一正 renew their faith in the Party character 把党纪国法紧一紧 stiffen their resolve to observe Party discipline and state laws 洗洗澡 take a bath 我们的思想和行为也会沾上灰尘 our minds and actions can get dusty too 也会受到政治微生物的侵袭 tainted by political microbes 因此也需要“洗澡” so we also need to “take a bath” 既去灰去泥、放松身心 rid ourselves of dust and grime, refresh our body and mind 又舒张毛孔、促进新陈代谢 unclog our pores, and get our metabolism working 治治病 treat one’s disease 对症下药 provide remedies according to the symptoms 该吃中药的吃中药 those who need to take Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) should take TCM 该吃西药的吃西药 those who need to take Western medicine should take Western medicine 中西医结合 those who need combined treatment of TCM and Western medicine should be given such treatment 该动手术的动手术 those who need operations should have operations performed on them 
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