Abstract: It has been an important topic among scholars of politics to discuss the pros and cons between presidential system and parliamentary cabinet system in the new democracies since the 1990s.From the perspective of comparative methodology，this paper gives a review of the dispute between Presidentialism and Parliamentarism on the choices of constitutional transition in the third wave democratization countries.It is found that the academic debate has gone through three stages and the focus of the discussion has undergone regular changes：from the regime choice of macro-level，compatibility matching system of middle level，to policymakers and the proceedings of themicro-level.