The Review and Further Thinking of the Third Supervisory Model in Japanese Corporate Law
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摘要: 日本在2002年商法修改时确立了公司治理的选择制,即允许公司在章程中选择适用设置监事会的公司模式或是设置委员会的公司模式,经过2002年至2011年近十年的实践,选择适用委员会模式的公司很少,为此日本立法设计了第三种监督模式——监查监督委员会模式供公司选择适用。设置监查监督委员会的公司仅需设置股东大会和董事会,董事会内要求设置至少由三名董事组成的监查监督委员会,其中外部董事不得少于二分之一。此模式既弥补了监事制度的弱点,也排除了设置委员会的公司在实践中受阻的重要因素,但也有学者认为其折衷的特点会直接降低监督的效果。但无论如何,日本立足实践进行修法立法的思路值得学习。Abstract: The Japanese commercial law sets the choice system of corporate governance when it is revised in 2002. The corporation can choose the supervisory organization as the board of supervisors or as the committee in the board of directors through it's articles of association. The third supervisory model is created because the number of using the committee system is just a few from 2002 to 2011. The third supervisory model only needs the general meeting of stockholders and the board of directors which must have the audit committee including three directors and the outside directors are no less than a half. This model covers the shortage of supervisors and excludes the failure factors of committee system in practice, but some counterviews are raised because it is a compromise proposal. The method of legislating and revising corporate law in Japan is worth studying by us.
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