Abstract: As an important ecological shield and strategic channel in Northwest region of China, Gansu province should attach importance to the degree, regional differences and balanced development of its urbanization.In order to construct the coordinated development mechanism of ecological urbanization and poverty alleviation, attentions should also be paid to the interactive influence between population urbanization, regional urbanization and ecological urbanization.Besides, the province should adhere to the integrated construction of ecological urbanization in two major regions and four sub-regions.New urbanization could be deployed to promote the ecological urbanization and the urbanization of the population in poverty.Constructing the comprehensive support system and protective compensation mechanism could regulate the ecological evaluation system of the urbanization in Gansu province.The focus should be on promoting the integrated progress of Lanbaiyu ecological economy, actualizing the convergent development effect of population urbanization, ecological urbanization and target poverty alleviation.The final goal is to propel the new urbanization, the balance, coordinated and sustainable development between urban and rural areas in Gansu province.